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Tarsal-Tunnel Syndrome. This is pain in the ankle and foot caused by compression of, or damage to, the nerve supplying the heel and sole (the posterior tibial nerve). Tarsal-tunnel syndrome usually produces pain that is burning or tingling in quality. It may occur when a person stands, walks, or wears tight shoes. The pain is located around the ankle and can radiate to the bottom of the foot or to the toes.
Tendinitis and Tenosynovitis. Tendons are fibrous cords of tough tissue that connect muscle to bone, and some are sheathed for protection. Tendinitis is inflammation, and it can develop when a tendon is weakened by injury, vigorous exercise, or repetitive motion. Tenosynovitis is tendinitis accompanied by inflammation of a tendon’s sheath. Related conditions are: De Quervain’s syndrome; joint diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and scleroderma; and Reiter’s syndrome.
Tension Headaches. Most headaches result from fatigue, anxiety, depression, or other emotional components. But headaches can also be caused by musculo-skeletal problems in the shoulder and neck, often work-related. These are tension (muscle-contraction) headaches, and their pain is usually mild to moderate. Most people experience these headaches only occasionally, but they can occur several times a week. Headache pain-clusters, migraines, tension headaches, and mixed-type headaches are diagnosed and treated with sophisticated medication and nerve-block procedures.
Thigh Pain. Most often, pain in the thigh is from injury to muscles, tendons, or bursas. Charley horse is a painful muscle injury caused by bruising of the thigh. When the muscle tightens and spasms, pressure may be placed on the sciatic nerve that serves the leg. The irritation can cause pain, numbness, and tingling from the buttocks down the back of the leg to the foot. Sometimes the symptoms of this condition are confused with those of disc disease in the spine.
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